Fluid actuated window operator with self-energizing lock



' 4 SheeTs-Sheet 1 INVE Erwmafio BYKAIHOU v Iii-710m? I A A. 1 I

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, v ATTORNEYS E. C. HORTON ET AL FLUID ACTUATED WINDOW OPERATOR July 18, 1950 WITH SELF-ENERGIZING LOCK Filed Dec. 8, 1945 July E. 3. HORi'ON ETAL 2,515,712 FLUID ACTUATED'WINDOW OPERATOR WITH SELF-ENERGIZING LOCK 4 Sheets-Shei 2 Filed Dec; 8., 1945 BY 0 on app M,M' ATTORNEYS July 18, 1950 E. c. HORTON ETAL FLUID ACTUATED wmnow OPERATOR WITH SEU-ENERGIZING LOCK 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 8, 1945 TTORNEYS svfi Anton Filed Dec. 8, 1945 July 18, 5 E. c. 'HORTO'N ETAL 7 FLUID ACTUATED wmnow OPERATOR WITH SELF-ENERGIZING LOCK v 4 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTYOR ATTORNEYS V EzW/h'C. Harzbmfi H 9 5 z ag tented July 18, 1950 FLUID ACTUATED WINDOW OPERATWR WITH SELF-ENERGIZING LOCK Erwin C. Horton, Hamburg, and Anton Rappl, Eggertsville, N. Y., assignors to Trim Products Corporation, Buflalo, N. Y.

Application December 8, 1945, Serial No. 633,691

25 Claims. (Cl. 268-125) This invention relates to a window opening and closing mechanism for the windows of motor vehicles and more particularly to a power operated mechanism of the fluid pressure type, the present application being a continuation-in-part of our earlier filed application Serial Number 347,941, now abandoned.

The pneumatically operated window is well known and, in its simplest form, has the fluid responsive element of the air motor connected to the window for movement back and forth therewith as a unit. Because of the compressibility of a gaseous fluid in contrast to a hydraulic medium, this unit may be readily and freely moved back and forth by a force originating in the window. Therefore, it has been vital that a lock be employed to prevent unlawful opening of the window and unauthorized entry into the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The window locks as incorporated in the pneumatic window systems of the prior art have been either manually actuated or actuated by a secondary and specially provided motor. However, such locking means when automatic would not serve to lock the window except in its fully closed position, and therefore, if the automobile were left in a parked position with the window partly opened for purposes of ventilotion, the window could be easily opened from the outside by merely pressing down on the same. Again, it has been proposed to lock the window at fixed points, as by means oi a pawl and ratchet, which may not aiiord the desired adjustment.

This invention has for its object to provide a ed and more eidcient pneumatically ope ated window wherein the window locking means o combined with the window panel and with Enid cnsive element of the air motor as to res end to an opening e'dort originating in the window to lock the latter while yieldin to a motor imparted urge when window adjustment is desired.

Another object or the present invention is to provide a pneumatically energized window operating mechanism which will automatically loclc the window in any adjusted position against being opened in an unauthorised manner. The invert tion further has for its object to provide a pneumatically operated mechanism of this character which is simple and practical in construction and lid ill

will become effective by any efiort to push the window in an opening direction from any position with the locking action increasing in firinness of securement in proportion to the opening eiiort applied to the window.

A iurther object of the invention is to provide 2 a window operating mechanism of the air pressure type in which the window is held against any rebound when quickly moved to a closed position.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view 01' a door of an automobile illustrating one embodiment of the present invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary showing of such improved mechanism, a portion thereof being enlarged and shown in section for the sake oi clearness;

Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sectional views taken about on lines 3-3 and 4-4, respectively, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modifled form of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section through the door shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of the modified embodiment depicted in Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 8 is an end elevation oi the mechanism shown in Fig. 7;

Figs. 9 and it are transverse sectiol views taken about on lines and ill-ill, respectively, oi 7f;

Mes. ii and it are views similar to l ies. l and 2 but depicting the motor elements reversed; and

Figs. 13 and it are views similar to Figs. 5 and i but with the motor elements reversed or inverted.

Referring more particularly to the drags, the numeral 9 designates, in phantom, the door of on automobile such as the door or a tour door sedan, having a guide-way 22 receiving the "vertically slldable window 3, the lowering movement or suitably restricted 3. lass nenel. provided the usual border strip t which an ear connected to the piston rod oi an motor @,-the casing oi" which, in turn, mounted on the door structure. The motor is connected to a suitable source or hold pressure or section, such as the intake manifold of the motor vehicle engine, by a conduit to (indicated by the lorohcn lines in Fig. l), a control valve it, and branch conduits it and it. the two branches communicating with the respective ends oi the motor chamber i l. The piston rod l is collided through a one how it at one end oi the motor chamber which is illustrated in the term oil a cylinder.

in accordance with the present invention, clutch or lock means are carried by one element of the air motor to engage the other element thereof ior locking the window against crooning movement. As shown in Fig. 2, the piston clement embodies a rod carried section it, dried relative to the piston rod 1, and a floating section II, the lattor section-incorporating expansible clutch or look shoes II and is which are adapted to be expanded against a locking surface, as the inner wall of the cylinder or chamber element I 4 thereby to frictionally lock the piston against movement. This action is accomplished, according to the lilustrated embodiments, by one or more rollers which are ridingly interposed between a corresponding number of pairs of opposing cam surfaces 2| and 22 provided, respectively, on the piston sections it and II. For this purpose the body portion of the fixed or rod carried piston section It extends axially of the cylinder between the shoes l8 and ID. The cam surfaces of each pair terminate at their low ends in abutments 23 and 24. respectively, which cooperate with the interposed roller to connect mechanically the floating section i! to the fixed section I8. The shoes I! and 13 are movably connected to the main body portion of the floating section for expansive action by the interlocking ribs 23 and 23 so that the shoe-carried rib 25 may slide radially in and out beneath the overhanging rib 26 on the main body portion.

The control valve ii is designed to connect one end of the motor chamber is to the source of suction and simultaneously open the opposite end to the atmosphere, and vice versa, so as to create a pressure differential on the fabricated piston. Therefore, if the suction is applied to the upper side of the piston as shown in Fig. 2 and the lower side of the piston is open to the atmosphere, it is apparent that the pressure differential will act upon the flxed piston section is, since the cup leather packings 2! and 23 are turned inwardly toward one another so that the atmospheric pressure will slip by the lower packing and act primarily on the upper section IS in cooperation with the suction. Consequently, the upper piston section i3 will move upwardly to lift the window toward its closed position, and during this movement the floating section will drag idly along in frictional contact with the chamber wall. Thus, the piston sections will relatively move apart and the rollers 20 will roll downwardly against the abutment 23 and become engaged by the floating abutment 24 to constitute a connecting linkage between the two piston sections. The floating section I! will be pulled along by the driving or active piston section l6 while the rollers idly rest between the opposing low ends of the respective cam surfaces 2| and 22 and the shoes remain retracted from the cylinder wall. A light tension spring 23 may be interposed between the two piston sections normally to urge them toward a lock applying position for minimixing any play between the sections. The movement of the window by the air motor is a rapid one and consequently when the upper edge of the window forcibly closes against its seat at the upper side of the window opening the inertia in the floating piston section, with or without any rebounding movement of the window from its seat will serve instantly to apply the lock or clutch for arresting the rebounding tendency which might otherwise space the upper edge of the window from its seat. Therefore, while it will be moved quickly to its seat by reason of the type of motor employed the window will become instantaneously locked in its uppermost position against rebound.

To lower the window the suction is applied to the lower side of the piston and the outside atmosphere is opened to the upper side whereby the 4 floating piston section II becomes the active section to pull the piston downwardly.

Any attempt to open the window from a closed or partially closed position will result in such downward eflort being transmitted by the 'glass panel .2 through the power transmitting piston rod I to the rod carried section l8, causing the latter to move relative to the friction held floating section I! and thereby roll the rollers up the cam faces 2| and 22 to expand the shoes outwardly against the chamber wall to hold such floating piston section against any movement whatsoever. In other words, any eflort to push the piston will be resisted, while any pulling effort, such as that produced by the fluid pressure differential, will succeed in moving the entire piston assembly. The lock thus provided for the window is of the type which Jams or clutches with increasing firmness in proportion to the force applied upon the window, and in this respect it may be termed self energizing.

Where a motion transmitting linkage is interposed between the motor and the window glass a slightly different arrangement of the piston parts may be necessitated and such a linkage has been illustrated in the modified showing of Figs. 5 through 10 wherein the motor 8 is given pivotal support on the anchorage 9' and the piston rod I is connected to the power transmitting linkage. This linkage comprises a bell crank pivotally supported at 30 and having one arm 3| pivotally connected to the piston rod and the companion arm 32 slidably connected to the glass panel by its roller 32 operating in a guideway 34 of the track 35 carried by the panel 3.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 'l, the fixed piston section l6 and the fioating piston section I'I' have their abutments 23' and 24' disposed in reverse order to the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the shoe-carried abutments 24' being arranged closer to the shoe mountings and facing in the opposite direction while the abutments 23' are arranged on the opposite side of the abutments 24' and in opposition thereto. Also, the cam surfaces 2i and 22' rise in opposite directions from the abutments. Furthermore, the cup packing members 21' and 28' face outwardly away from each other so that the pressure differential acting on one piston section will serve to push the companion piston section ahead of it, rather than pull it. Therefore, if suction is applied to the left-hand end of the motor chamber l4, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, and the right-hand end is opened to the atmosphere, the pressure diflerential will act on the fixed piston section It and push it toward the left, pulling on the bell crank 3|, 32, and efl'ect a lifting of the window pane 3. A reversal of the fluid connections will cause the pressure diii'erential to act on the floating piston section l'l' to initiate a preliminary unlocking movement followed by a push on the fixed section I6 to rock the arm 32 downwardly for opening the window.

Any attempt to pry the window open from a closed position or from a partially opened position will cause the bell crank lever to transmit the prying force to the motor piston and sub- Ject the fixed piston section It to a pull which will force the rollers up the cam surfaces 2! and 22' and thereby expand the shoes l8 and i9 outwardly against the chamber wall to frictionally lock the piston against sliding, the shoes normally engaging the chamber wall under the urge of the light compression spring 23.

In both forms of the invention the window is coupled to the sliding piston as a unit, which unit is movable back and forth from and to a window closed position. The unit is-movable in either direction by forces applied to either end. A window opening force applied to the window end of the unitwill actuate the lock to secure the unit against further movement. A fluid pressure applied force acting on the piston end of the unit will serve to hold the look inoperative during motor operation of the window.

The motor parts may be reversed as shown in Figs. 11 through 14 wherein the motor cylinder or chamber i4" is connected to the window carried ear 6 for movement therewith while the piston rod 7" is anchored at 9" on. the door structure. The piston therefore remains fixed, except for the limited movement of the floating piston section. This arrangement inverts the motor and the composite piston, the floating piston section I! and the fixed piston section I 6 being identical in construction and arrangement with the corresponding parts of Fig. 2, except that they are inverted or reversed. The same.

reference characters therefore have been employed on the corrwponding parts shown in both Figs. 2 and 12.

Likewise, Figs. 13 and 14 are identical in construction with the disclosure of Figs. and 7 with the exception of the reversal of the motor parts wherein the motor cylinder or chamber ll is pivotally connected to the bell crank lever arm 3| while the piston rod 1" is pivotally mounted at the fixed point 9" on the door or body str cture, the parts of the composite piston assembla e being also reversed or inverted. Therefore, t e primed reference characters as applied to t e piston parts of Fig. 7 correspond to the identical piston parts in Fig. 14.

The operation of the motors of Figs. 11 through 14 is identical with the operation of the motors shown in Figs. 1 through 10, with the exception that in the former group of illustrations the cylinder or chamber moves and the piston remains stationary while in the latter group the chamber is stationary and the piston moves. In both groups the two motor elements, the cylinder and the piston, move relative to each other to eifect the identical window adjustment. When the suction line It is placed in communication with the upper end of the motor chamber ll" of Fig. 12, by the opening of the control valve ll, then the floating piston section II will move initially to release the shoes l8 and I9 from a window locking engagement with the chamber wall and thereafter the chamber will move downwardly to adjust the window. A reverse manipulatioxrof the control valve II from a neutral position will eflect a reverse movement of the window. Likewise, in the arrangement of Figs. 13 and 14, the manipulation of the control valve II to open the left 'end of the chamber It' to the source of suction will initially cause the floating piston section I'I' to move to unlock the window and then cause the chamber to move with the window as a unit while the piston remains stationary.

It will be observed that the improved window operating mechanism is capable of operating emciently by fluid pressure for opening and closing the car window and at the same time, the construction incorporates means which will prevent any one from surreptitiously gaining entrance to the vehicle by prying the window open from a fully or partially closed position. It will also be noted that such locking means does not in any 6 way interfere with the functioning of the opening and closing operation by the fluid pressure. The invention is applicable to doors and similar closures which are herein comprehended within the term window.

The foregoing constructions have been described in detail -for clarity and to illustrate the source of fluid pressure for operating the motor I to actuate the window, said casing having a relatively fixed lock engaging surface substantially coextensive with the motor stroke, and window actuated motor released lock means operable upon the transmission of power from the window by said connecting means to engage the adjacent portion of the lock engaging surface and thereby hold the window against opening movement in any position of window adjustment.

2. A motor vehicle window frame having an opening therein, a window panel mounted for movement in the frame to and from a closed position against a seat at one side of the frame, a fluid motor comprising a chamber and piston assembly, a member connecting the piston to the window to close the latter on one stroke of the piston and to open the window on the return piston stroke, the piston having a section fixed to the window connecting member and a floating section movable relative to the fixed section, each section having a fluid sealed contact with the chamber wall for fluid operation in one direction only and in a direction opposite to that of the companion section, and window locking means operable by a window imparted movement of the connecting member and held inoperative by and during relative movement between the piston sections during motor operation, the floating section being adapted for inertia imparted movement upon the window panel forcibly engaging the seat thereby to render the window locking means operative to check any rebound of the panel from the seat.

3. A window system comprising a window manually movable freely to and restrictedly from a closed position, a motor having a chamber and a piston therein, said motor operatively connected to the window to actuate the same in both direc tions and the fluid operated element of the motor being movable by and from such connected window during manual movement of the latter, and one-way clutch means operable by the manually imparted opening movement of the window to secure'the latter against further opening movement, said one-way clutch means idling during the manually imparted closing movement of the window whereby the window may be readily closed independently of motor actuation, said piston comprising relatively movable sections each fluid operable but in relatively opposite directions for actuating the window alternately to-'- ward and from a closed position, said one-way clutch means being operatively related to the piston sections for being rendered inoperative by mam and during relative movement between the sections preliminary to fluid actuation of the piston in either direction,

contractible clutch members associated therewith and arranged within the chamber, and unit'- carried means operatively associated with said piston parts for moving said clutch members into and out of locking engagement with a flxed part of said air motor during relative movement or said piston parts.

5. Window operating mechanism for motor vehicles, comprising, in combination, a window, a fluid motor for operating the same having a casing with a chamber and a piston in the chamber, means operatively connecting the piston and the window as a unit for movement'between open and shut ositions by forces applied to either end of the unit, said piston comprising spaced relatively movable sections each having fluid seal fit with the chamber wall for fluid actuation of the window in one direction opposite to the direction imparted by the companion section, and a window locking means operable by relative movement. between the sections in one direction as initiated by a force applied to the window end of the unit for locking the window arrested, said window being released from the locking means upon opposite relative movement between said sections.

6. A window system comprising a window and a motor, the motor having a chamber and a sliding piston therein operatively connected to the window for movement therewith back and forth as a unit, a motor contained lock for the unit carried bythe piston within the chamber and engageable with a fixed part or the latter to secure the window against opening movement, and

' means operable to so render the lock operative and adapted to render the lock inoperative to reclutch means and operable by said piston part.

during such relative movement to preliminarily render the lock inoperative and thereafter so hold the lock inoperative as said piston part continues to move for imparting such movement to the window.

8. In combination, a window mounted for opening and closing movement, a fluid pressure motor having a casing chamber and a relatively movable wall, means operatively connecting the motor to the window in a manner to transmit power from the motor as well as from the window, manual control means for establishing communication between the chamber and a source of fluid pressure for operating the motor to actuate the window, said casing having a relatively flxed look engaging surface substantially coextensive with the motor stroke, and window actuated motor released lock means operable upon the transmission or power from the window by said connecting means to engage the adjacent portion or the lock engaging surface and thereby hold the window against opening movement in any position of window adiustment. said motor having a fluid pressure responsive member operable to hold the loci: means inoperative when the window is being motor actuated.

9. A window system comprising a window manually movable to and from a closed position, a motor having a chamber and a piston therein, said motor operatively connected to the window to actuate the same in both directions and the fluid operated element of the motor being movable by and from such connected window during manual movement of the latter, and one-way clutch means operable by the manually imparted opening movement of the window to secure the latter against further opening movement, said oneway clutch means idling during the manually imparted closing movement of the window whereby the window may be readily closed independently of motor actuation, said piston comprising relatively movable sections each having fiuid packing means sealing in one direction while permitting fluid slippage in the opposite direction, said oneway clutch means being operatively related to the piston sections for being rendered inoperative by and during relative movement between the sections preliminary to fluid actuation of the motor.

10. A window system comprising, inv combination, a window, a reciprocatory air motor having a chamber and a piston therein, said piston having relatively movable parts, one of said motor elements being connected to the window for movement therewith as a window-piston unit, said unit being movable in either direction by fluid pressure, said piston having expansible and contractible clutch means associated therewith and arranged within the chamber, and piston carried means operatively associated with said piston parts and with said clutch means and acting upon the latter for moving the clutch means into and out of locking engagement with a fixed part or said air motor during relative movement of said piston parts, said second means normally holding the clutch means operative.

11. A window system comprising a window and a motor, the motor having a chamber and a sliding piston therein with one of said motor elements being operatively connected to the window for movement therewith back and forth as a unit, a motor contained lock for the unit carried by the piston within the chamber and engageable with a fixed part of the latter to secure the window against opening movement, and means operable by a window imposed load on the piston to so render the lock normally operative and adapted to render the lock inoperative to release the window by and during movement of the piston of the motor.

12. A window system comprising a window, a reciprocatory air motor having a fluid responsive member operable for imparting movement to the window during motor operation, said motor having a piston-like part relatively movable with respect to the window; a window lock comprising expansible and contractible clutch means arranged within the chamber of the air motor and operable for clutching the fluid responsive member to a fixed part of the motor thereby to secure the window against movement, means acting to so expand and contract the clutch means and operable by said piston part during such relative movement to preliminarily render the lock inoperative and thereafter so hold the lock inoperative as said fluid responsive member moves for imparting such movement to the window.

13. In combination, a window mounted for opening and closing movement, a fluid pressure motor having a casing chamber and a relatively movable wall, means operatively connecting the motor to the-window in a. manner to transmit power from the motor as well as from the window, manual control means for establishing communication between the chamber and a source of fluid pressure for operating the motor to actuate the window, one of said motor elements having a relatively fixed lock engaging surface substantially coextensive with the motor stroke, and window actuated motor released lock means operable upon the transmission of power from the window by said connecting means to clutch the other of said motor elements to the adjacent portion of the lock engaging surface and thereby hold the window against opening movement in any position of window adjustment.

14. A window system comprising a window and a motor, the motor having a, chamber and a sliding piston therein with-one of said motorelements being operatively connected to the window for movement therewith back and forth as a unit, a motor contained lock for the unit carried by one of said motor elements within the motor and engageable with a flxed part on the other motor element to secure the window against opening movement, and means operable by the unit to so render the look operative and responsive to movement of the piston to render the lock inoperative to release the window by and during operation of the motor.

15. A window system comprising a window, a

'reciprocatory air motor having a chamber and a piston,-the fluid responsive motor element being operable for imparting movement to the window during motor operation and one of said motor elements having a fluid operable part relatively movable with respect to the window, a

window lock comprising expansible and contractible clutch means arranged within the chamber of the air motor for engaging the other of said motor elements thereby to secure the window against movement, means acting to so expand and contract the clutch means and operable by said fluid operable part during such relative movement to preliminarily render the lock inoperative and thereafter so hold the lock inoperative as said fluid responsive motor element continues to move for imparting such movement to the window.

16. A window system comprising a window and a motor, the motor having a chamber and a sliding piston therein operatively connected to the window for movement therewith back and forth as a unit, a motor contained lock for the unit carried by the piston within the chamber and engageable with a fixed part of the latter to secure the window against opening movement, and unit actuated means operable to so render the lock operative and adapted to render the lock inoperative to release the window by and during operation of the motor, said unit including a fluid pressure responsive member operably connected to the lock to move the latter to an inoperative position during motor operation.

17. A window system comprising a window manually movable freely to and restrictediy from a closed position, a motor having a chamber and a piston therein, said motor operatively connected to the window to actuate the same in both directions and the fluid operated element of the motor being moveable by and from such connected window during manual movement of the latter, and one-way clutch means operable by the manually imparted opening movement of the window to secure the latter against further opening movement, said one-way clutch means idling during the manually imparted closingmovement of the window whereby the window may be readily closed independently of motor actuation, said piston comprising relatively movable sections each fluid sealed but in relatively opposite directions for motor actuation of the window alternately toward and from a closed position. said one-way clutch means being operatively related to the piston sections for. being rendered inoperative by and during relative movement between the sections preliminary to fluid actuation of the piston in either direction.

18. A window system comprising, in combinetion, a window, a reciprocatory air motor having a chamber and a piston therein, one of said motor elements having relatively movable parts, one motorelement being connected to the window as a window-element unit, said unit being movable in either direction by fluid pressure, said relatively movable 'parts having expansible and contractible clutch means associated therewith and arranged within the chamber, and unit-controlled means operatively associated with said relatively movable parts for moving said clutch means into and out of locking engagement with a fixed part of said air motor during relative movement of said relatively movable parts, said means exerting a camming efiort upon the clutch means;

19. A window system comprising a window, a reciprocatory air motor having a chamber and a piston, one of said motorrelements being stationary and the other movable the latter being operable for imparting movement to the window during motor operation, one motor element having a fluid operable part relatively movable with respect to the window, a window lock comprising expansible and contractible clutch means arranged within the chamber of the air motor and carried by one element for engaging a fixed part of the other element thereby to secure the window against movement, means acting to so expand and contract the clutch means and operable by said fluid operable part during such relative movement to preliminarily render the lock inoperative and thereafter 50 hold the lock inoperative as said movable element part continues to move for imparting such movement to the window.

20, A window system comprising a window and a motor, the motor having a chamberand a sliding piston therein operatively connected to the window for movement therewith back and forth as a unit, a, motor contained lock for the unit carried by the piston-within the chamber and engageable with a fixed part of the latter to secure the window against opening movement, and means operable to so render the lock operative and adapted to render the lock inoperative to release the window by and during operation of the motor, said means including a spring normally holding the lock in an operative position and a, pressure responsive member operable to render the lock inoperative against the action or the spring. a

21. In combination, a window mounted for opening and closing movement, a fluid pressure motor having a casing chamber and a relatively movable wall, means operatively connecting the motor to the window in a manner to transmit power from the motor as well as from the window, manual control means for establishing communication between the chamber and a source oi fluid pressure tor operating the motor to actuate the window, one of said motor elements having a relatively flxed lock engaging surface substantially coextensive with the motor stroke, and a window actuated motor released lock having a part carried by the other motor element and operable upon the transmission of power from the window by said connecting means to clutch said other motor element to the adjacent portion or the lock engaging surface and thereby hold the window agaimt opening movement in any position of window adjustment, said lock and motor constituting a unit and said unit including a spring normally holding said part in an operative position and also including .a fluid pressure responsive member operable to render the lock inoperative against the action of the 'spring.

22. A window system comprising a window, a fluid motor for operating the same having a chamber and a iston therein. a transmission operatively connecting the piston to the window for back and forth movement as a unit and ineluding a power transmitting member connected to the piston for limited relative movement, and a lock carried by the piston and operable by a window imparted movement of the power transmitting member relative to the piston for looking the latter against movement, said piston being fluid responsive and movable in response to a pressure differential and relative to the power transmitting member initially to render the lock inoperative and thereafter to move the power transmitting member for adjusting the window.

23. A pneumatic window. system in which the window is connected to a pneumatic motor for being power moved thereby as well as for being manually moved as a. unit with the pressure responsive element of the motor, comprising a movably mounted window, a pneumatic motor having a pressure responsive element, a transmission connecting the pressure responsive element of the motor to the window for movement as a unit by a manually exerted force applied to authorized movement in a window opening direction, and a pressure responsive member associated with the lock to render it inoperative pneumaticalLv and preliminary .to the pneumatic actuation of the motor element and window unit.

24. In combination, a window mounted for opening and closing movement, a fluid pressure motor having a chamber element and a relatively movable wall element, means operatively connecting the movable motor element to the window as a unit to transmit power from the motor as well as from the window, manual control means for establishing communication between the chamber and a source of fluid pressure for operating the motor to actuate the window, a lock engaging surface substantially coextensive with the motor stroke, and lock means responsive to the transmission of force from the window by said connecting means to clutch the lock engaging surface of the unit with a varying degree of firmness in proportion to the window imparted force to hold the window against further opening movement in any position of window adjustment. 1

25. A window system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said'lock means are rendered inoperative to free the unit for motor operation upon the manual actuation of said pressure control means.

ERWIN C. HORTON.

N RAPPL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the tile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,054,417 Hutchinson Feb. 25, 1913 1,315,155 Pudney Sept. 2, 1919 2,259,815 Greve Oct. 21, 1941 2,364,715 Horton et al. I Dec. 12, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 762,290 France Jan. 18, 1934 

